trừ hao
Definition
- Verb phrase:
- To account for loss/wastage: To intentionally include an extra amount or margin when measuring, calculating, or planning, in anticipation of potential loss, shrinkage, or spoilage during a process.
- To allow for a buffer / to factor in a contingency: To make a provision or deduction in advance for possible reductions or unforeseen deficits.
Usage Examples
- Verb phrase:
- Khi mua vải, bạn nên trừ hao một ít. (When buying fabric, you should allow for some wastage.)
- Hãy trừ hao 10% cho sai số khi tính toán. (Factor in a 10% buffer for error in the calculation.)
- Công thức này đã trừ hao cho nguyên liệu bị hỏng. (This recipe has already accounted for spoilage of ingredients.)
Advanced Usage
- Used in formal planning, engineering, manufacturing, and commerce to describe a standard precautionary calculation.
- Dự toán xây dựng luôn phải trừ hao cho vật tư. (Construction estimates must always include a contingency for materials.)
Variants and Related Words
- Dự phòng (v/n): to prepare for; a reserve. Often used in similar contexts for planning but with a broader sense of preparation for various contingencies, not solely for loss.
- Khoản tiền dự phòng (The reserve fund)
Synonyms
- To allow for wastage: To include an extra amount expecting some loss.
- To factor in shrinkage: To account for reduction in quantity or volume.
- To build in a margin: To add an extra amount as a safety buffer.
Related Idioms and Common Phrases
- Tính toán có trừ hao: To calculate with a buffer included.
- Mọi kế hoạch tài chính khôn ngoan đều tính toán có trừ hao. (All wise financial plans are calculated with a buffer.)